Seasonal variations in adaptational strategies of Beta vulgaris L. plants in response to ambient air pollution: Biomass allocation, yield and nutritional quality
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چکیده
Seasonal variations and effects of ambient air pollutants on palak (Beta vulgaris L. var. Allgreen) plants were investigated with respect to root, shoot length, number of leaves plant-1, leaf area and root and shoot biomass at a suburban site situated in dry tropical area of India, experiencing elevated levels of ambient air pollutants. Air monitoring data showed that mean concentrations of SO2 and NO2 were higher during winter, whereas O3 was the major air pollutant during summer. Plants grown in non filtered chambers showed stunted growth, reductions in biomass and yield and modification in biomass allocation pattern as compared to those grown in charcoal filtered air. Magnitudes of changes in various parameters were more in summer than winter season. Nutritional quality of palak was also negatively affected in non filtered chambers during winter but there was no significant change in nutritional quality during summer season. Biomass allocation pattern revealed that during summer photosynthate allocation to roots reduced with consequent increment in leaf weight ratio, which helped in sustaining nutritional quality of palak even after more yield reductions in NFCs as compared to FCs. This study depicts the variations in adaptational strategies of palak in two different seasons. Resumen: Se investigaron las variaciones estacionales y los efectos de los contaminantes ambientales del aire sobre plantas de palak (Beta vulgaris L. var. Allgreen) en términos de la raíz, la longitud del vástago, el número de hojas por planta, el área foliar y la biomasa de la raíz y del vástago, en un sitio suburbano de la región tropical seca de la India sujeto a niveles elevados de contaminantes ambientales del aire. Los datos de monitoreo del aire mostraron que las mayores concentraciones medias de SO2 y NO2 se presentaron durante el invierno, mientras que el O3 fue el principal contaminante del aire en el verano. Las plantas que crecieron en cámaras sin filtros mostraron un crecimiento achaparrado, reducciones en la biomasa y en el rendimiento, y una modificación en el patrón de asignación de biomasa, en comparación con las que crecieron en aire filtrado con carbón. La magnitud de los cambios en varios parámetros fue mayor en el verano que en el invierno. La calidad nutricional del palak también fue afectada negativamente en las cámaras no filtradas durante el invierno, pero no hubo cambios significativos en la calidad nutricional durante el verano. El patrón de asignación de biomasa reveló que durante el verano se redujo la asignación de fotosintatos a las raíces, con un consecuente incremento en el cociente de peso foliar, lo cual contribuyó a mantener la calidad nutricional del palak aun después de más reducciones del rendimiento en presencia de NFCs en comparación con los FCs. El estudio ilustra las variaciones en las estrategias adaptativas del
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تاریخ انتشار 2010